Abstract- Climate change poses high risks to tribal agriculture in Sonbhadra district. Sonbhadra had increased temperatures, heavy rainfall, soil degradation, and declining crop productivity. This research analyzes the adaptation strategies of tribal farmers, combining a detailed survey of local practices and participatory research to evaluate both indigenous and modern approaches to climate resilience. Findings highlight persistent dependence on traditional seed saving, mixed cropping, and community water conservation, while adoption of new technologies (such as improved seeds, weather advisories, and rainwater harvesting) is limited but increasing in villages with better institutional support. Socio-economic constraints—including land fragmentation, low income, and inadequate extension—remain substantial barriers. The results underscore that climate resilience among tribal farmers is maximized when traditional knowledge is integrated with targeted scientific interventions, and call for participatory policies that enhance local decision-making, finance, and capacity building in vulnerable communities.

Keywords: Climate resilience; adaptation strategies; tribal farmers; Sonbhadra; traditional knowledge; rain-fed agriculture; climate change; India; participatory approach; sustainable agriculture; institutional support; indigenous practices; agroecology; crop diversification; soil conservation; water management; yield decline; extension services; social equity; policy integration.